Gas-indicator.



H. BACHARACH, GAS jmmcnoa. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 5. 1916.

Patented Npv. 28, 1916.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATS PATE GAS-INDICATOR.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1916.

Application filed. June 5, 1916. Serial Na. 101,705.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMAN BACHARACH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas- Indicators, of which the following is a specification. Y

The invention relates to gas indicators fo use in the determination of the amount of carbon dioxid or other gases in gases such as flue gas and the like. The invention has for its primary objects; the provision of an apparatus not easily broken, and in which a broken part can be readily replaced without replacing the entire apparatus, as has been necessary with the all-glass apparatus heretofore employed, the device in this respect constituting an improvement over the well known all glass Schmid apparatus; the provision of an apparatus wherein the potassium hydroxid (KOH) solution or other solution employed can be easily placed in the instrument or removed therefrom; the provision of a construction wherein the freedom' of fiow of the solution employed through the valve is increasedi and the provision of a construction wherein the accuracy of the Clevice is not affected by variations in the quantity of the solution employed. One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section through my improved apparatus; Fig. 2 is a section through the lower valve of the apparatus in its second position; Fig. 3 is a section through the lower valve in its third position; and Fig. 4. is a side elevation of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the inlet fixture of metal and provided with the valve 2; 3 is a second metal fixture provided with a valve 4 5 is a glass receptacle and indlcator for measuring the quantity of carbon dioxid (C0,) or other constituent in the gas tested; and 6 is a glass receptacle being screw-threadedto the lower side of the fixture 3.

The fixtures 1 and 3 are clamped together by means of a cage consisting of the plates 7 and 8 screw-threaded to the fixtures 1 and 3 respectively, and the rods 9 extending The valve 4 is a three-Way valve provided with an oblique passage 12 and a second passage 13 leading from the periphery of the valve to the inclined passage 12. The valve is adapted to occupy three different positions. In the position of Fig. 1 the receptacles 5 and 6 are out of communication, but the receptacle 5'communicates with the outer air via the passages 13 and 12 in the valve and the passage 14 in the fixture This is the position occupied while gas is being pumped into the receptacle 5, and in "this position the long end of the handle of the valve is up. The second position of the valve is illustrated in Fig. 2, the valve being turned 180 from the position of Fig. 1, at which time the two receptacles are brought into communication by reason of the passages 15 and 16 in the fixture 3 above and below the valve and the oblique passage 12.

This is the position occupied after the receptacle 5 has been charged with gas and the liquid from the receptacle 6 is being mixed with the CO, or other .constituent of the gas to cause its absorption or combination with the liquid. In this position the long end of the valve handle is down. Fig. 3 illustrates the third position of the valve after it has been turned 90 from the position of Fig. 2. In this position the passages 15 and 16 are? blanked and the two receptacles are cut off from each other. This is the position occupied after the KOl-Ior other liquid employed has been drained back into the re-, ceptacle 6 and the operation of measuring the vacuum in the receptacle 5 is being carried out. It will be seen that the positions of the valve handle indicate the position of the valve passages which is a matter of considerable convenience.

The operation in using the apparatus is as follows, the parts occupying the position indicated in Fig. 1. A supply of flue gas is pumped into the receptacle 5 through the fixture 1, a supply tube being secured to the upper end of the fixture in the usual way. At this time the valve 4 occupies the position shown in Fig. 1, which permits the air in the receptacle 5 to pass out through the passages 15, 13, 12 and 14, as the flue gas is forced in. At this time the receptacle 6 is cut off from the supply of gas since the passage 12 is out of register at its lower end with the passage 16.

After the receptacle 5 has been properly filled with flue gas the valve 2 is turned to cut-ofl position and the valve 4 turned 180 to the position of Fig. 2. This brings the receptacles 5 and 6 into communication and on inverting the apparatus, the liquid flows into the receptacle 5 and after shaking to permit the gas to come in contact with the liquid and be combined therewith and absorbed thereby, the device is brought back to normal position allowing the liquid to drain back into the receptacle 6.

The valve at is then turned 90 to the position ofFig. 3, cutting off communication between the two receptacles. The device is then placed in water and the valve 2 moved to open position causing the water to-be sucked into the receptacle 5, since a partial vacuum exists in such chamber due to the absorption of the CO by the KOH. \Vhen the apparatus is again returned to the vertical position of Figs. 1 and 2 the percentage of flue gas can be ascertained by means of the graduations 17 (Fig. 4), the apparatus being calibrated so that the result is recorded in this manner. After the percentage of gas has been noted, the water may easily be removed by inverting the device and turning the valve 4 to the position of Fig. 1.

The apparatus as herein described and illustrated is durable and serviceable. The cage, including the rods 9 serves to protect the indicating receptacle 5 so that it is not readily broken. In case of breakage the parts liable to be broken are easily replaced, the principal portion of the apparatus remaining intact. An advantage is involved in having the receptacle 5 removable and of glasssince this permits the liquid to be inspected and permits liquid to be supplied more readily than in those instruments wherein the receptacle is integral with the fixture, since in such constructions the liquid has to be inserted through the entire device from the top. The placing of the passage 12 at an angle promotes the flow of liquid through the valve as compared with arrangements heretofore employedv wherein such passage was vertical, as the horizontal cross sectional area of the passage when the device is held vertical is greater, and the interference by the gas to the passage of the liquid is less. It is also advantageous to have the receptacle (3 cut off from the receptacle 5 when the parts are in the position of Fig. 1, since with this arrangement it is unnecessary to have the liquid in the receptacle 6 at any particular level. In apparatus as heretofore constructed the receptacle for the liquid was not cut ofl from the gas receptacle during the application of the gas to the gas receptacle, and as a result any variation in the level of the liquid in the receptacle caused a corresponding variation in the total gas volume and a consequent inaccuracy in the reading of the device, if the liquid were not always kept at the level at which the instrument was originally calibrated. My arrangement avoids this difficulty, since the volume of the gas to be measured is constant, regardless of the level of the liquid in the receptacle 6. Other advantages incident to my apparatus will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

It will be understood that my invention is not limited to the indication of CO and to the use of KOH as a liquid, but that the device may be used for the determination of other gases or for the successive determination of a series of gases contained in a single body of gas. The construction may also be considerably modified in various particulars without departing from the spirit of the invention whose breadth is defined in the claims.

\Vhat I claim is:

1. In combination in a gas indicator, a metal inletfixture provided with a valve, a second metal fixture provided with a valve, a glass fluid receptacle detachably secured to the second fixture, a glass gasv receptacle lying between the two fixtures, and means independent of the gas receptacle for securing the two fixtures together with the glass receptacle therebetween.

2. In a gas indicator comprising an inlet fixture provided with a valve, a second fixture, a gas receptacle and indicator between the fixtures, and a fluid receptacle below the second fixture, a valve in said second fixture which in one position connects the gas receptacle with the outer air and shuts ofl communication between the gas receptacle and the fluid receptacle, which in a second position places the two receptacles in communication and shuts oif the communication of the gas receptacle with the outer air, andtending transversely of the axis of the valve and leading from the periphery thereof into the oblique passage, the said passages being arranged so that in one position of the valve 5 the oblique, passage communicates with the outer air and is cut ofi from the fluid receptacle While the second passage communicates with the gas receptacle, and in a second position of the valve the oblique passage communicates at its ends with both re- 10 ceptacles, and in a third position is out of communication with both receptacles.

HERMAN BACHARAGH. 

